【Background】
Achieve Mastery: From Seeker to Expert, with Robert Greene, Author of Mastery
今天我们请到了罗伯特·格林（Robert Greene）。他是《专精力》一书的作者。在今天的课程中，格林将和我们分享在我们的职业生涯中达成领域专精所必需的五个阶段。
Mozart, Einstein and Steve Jobs were all masters of their respective fields. And this was due to their ability to elevate their minds to an extremely high level. People like this “have a feel for what’s coming next in the world,” says Robert Greene, author of Mastery. “They can sense trends. They can see answers to problems without almost even thinking.”
莫扎特、爱因斯坦和史蒂夫·乔布斯之所以能成为各自领域的大师，都是因为他们能够将自己的思想提升到一个非常高的水平。《专精力》一书的作者罗伯特·格林（Robert Greene）说，像这样的人“对世界上即将发生的事情持有一种预感”。“他们能感受到趋势，能不假思索就找到问题的答案。”
And yet, don’t be intimidated. Mastery is accessible, in fact, much more so today than ever before due to the explosion of the information economy. In this lesson, Greene demystifies the steps involved in achieving mastery in your life’s work.
但是，不要被吓倒。事实上，由于信息经济的爆炸，我们比以往任何时候都更容易达成领域专精。在这节课中，格林将和我们分享在一生中达成专精所需要经历的五个阶段。
【Course】
Theory of Mastery 专精理论
Mastery is basically a form of intelligence that people reach after years of working in a field, years of practice, experience, some failure. It could be 10,000 hours. I say it can be 20,000 hours. It’s what happens to a Mozart or an Einstein or a Steve Jobs or anybody who is at something long enough where their mind basically elevates to another level and they have what I consider high level intuition.
专精本质上是一种智慧的形式，当人们在一个领域工作多年，经过多年的实践，积累经验，总结失败后他们就能达到这种智慧。获得这种智慧能力也许需要一万小时吧，但我觉得可能要花上两万个小时。至少对于莫扎特、爱因斯坦、史蒂夫·乔布斯，以及任何愿意在一件事上耗费大量时间的人来说是这样的。他们的思想提升到了另一个层次，他们有我称之为高敏直觉的东西。
They have a feel for what’s coming next in the world. They can sense trends. They can see answers to problems without almost even thinking. Ideas come to them. It’s extremely powerful. We have this notion that great geniuses or creative people like an Einstein or a Da Vinci or SteveJobs – these people are born that way as if it’s a genetic thing that they have some kind of chromosome that makes them more talented, and it’s just a bunch of nonsense. This kind of mastery comes through a process, a process that’s linked to the brain, to how we learn. It’s all based very deeply in neuroscience.
他们对世界上即将发生的事情持有预感。他们嗅觉灵敏，能预知趋势。他们几乎不假思索，就能找到问题的答案。对于他们来说，好点子似乎会主动找上门来。他们非常强大。我们一直以来的观念是，伟大的天才或者极具创造力的人，比如爱因斯坦、达芬奇、史蒂夫乔布斯，是天赋如此。仿佛他们的基因中就有某种能让他们更有才华的染色体。但这其实是无稽之谈。他们达到这种专精的程度，是需要过程的。这个过程与大脑和人类的学习方式有关。所有这一切的答案都深深植根于神经科学。
And it’s not intimidating. If you’re so deeply engrossed in a field that you love whether it’s music or sports or dancing or interviewing people for Big Think, you’re not even aware of the 100 hours, the 500 hours that you’re putting into it because you love what you’re doing. You know, if you think about the 10,000 hours you go, “Oh my God. I could never get there. What a drag. It’s not worth it.” But really if you’re at a job that you hate and the time is going slowly and you’re unhappy, it’s a lot worse than the possible hours you might have to put in to mastering a field. The process itself is actually a very exciting rewarding process.
不过别担心，它并没有听上去那么可怕。如果你非常专注于你喜欢的领域，不管是音乐、体育、舞蹈，还是为Big Think做访谈，你甚至都不会意识到自己已经为此投入了一百个小时，或者五百个小时，因为你所做的是你热爱的事业。想象你要为一件事投入一万个小时，你可能会说“天啊，我可能永远也做不到。这太没意思了，根本不值得。”但实际上，如果你做的是一份你讨厌的工作，时间就过得很慢，你也会很不开心，比起你花费大量时间去专精一个领域，做不喜欢的事可要糟糕多了。达成专精的过程本身应该就是让人兴奋且回报丰厚的。
Mastery in Practice: A Lesson from 50 Cent 实践中的专精：50美分的教训
The steps to mastery, you know, I have many biographical examples, 50 Cent is one of the people I interviewed. The process that I’m leading you through begins with a sort of a self-exploration where you become aware of what it is that you want to accomplish in life. Children generally are attracted to certain things, whatever field it is, and you want to go back and become aware of that. Well, 50 as a kid, you know, there wasn’t much he could hope for in his environment. There weren’t many role models. But there were the hustlers on the streets, and he decided he wanted to be a businessman, an entrepreneur, a hustler. That was the only avenue he could find out of Queens, where he grew up, and so at the age of nine, he’s learning all about the business of dealing drugs. He’s handling it as if he were an entrepreneur.
有关达成专精的五个阶段，我有大量的真人实例。50美分是我采访过的名人之一。我将带领你们一起经历他达成专精的过程。专精始于自我探索，始于人们开始意识到他们人生目标的那一刻。不管是什么领域，孩子总是容易被某些事物所吸引，你只要回想一下过去，就能意识到这一点。孩童时期的50美分，在他生活的那种环境里，没有太多可期待的，没有多少榜样可以学习，有的只是街上无处不在的骗子，这让他决心要成为一名商人，一名企业家，一个骗子。他是在皇后区长大的，而这也是他能找到的离开皇后区的唯一出路。所以在9岁时，他就已经在学习和毒品交易有关的所有知识了。他像一个企业家一样，做着毒品生意。
Phase 1: Discover your calling. 第一阶段：发现你的使命。
And then he realizes that this is also a dead end and the only other avenue out of the hood is music. And he actually loves music, so he’s gonna combine music and business. That’s going to be what his life’s task is. I call it a life’s task. This is what you were meant to be.This is what makes you unique, what you were born to accomplish. And what doe she do? He’s got some business acumen but he has nobody he can turn to for a music education.
接着50美分意识到贩卖毒品也是一个死胡同，音乐才是逃离皇后区的唯一出路。他真的很喜欢音乐，所以他要把音乐和商业结合起来。这将成为他的人生使命。是的，我称之为人生使命。是你注定要成为的人，你注定要完成的事业。是让你从人群中脱颖而出的特质。50美分是怎么做的呢？他有一些商业头脑，但他找不到在音乐上能指导他的人。
Phase 2: Become an apprentice. 第二阶段：成为学徒。
He finds a mentor, somebody who can help you sort of shorten the process a bit and, you know, educate you in a more direct manner. So he finds Jam Master Jay who lives in his area and he latches on to Jam Master Jay. He becomes his mentor, and he starts to learn about the music business. And then he gets his first opportunity; Columbia Records signs him to a deal. So why 50 exemplifies what I’m talking about is he sees this as his apprenticeship. This is his university that he’s gonna go through at Columbia Records.
他找了一位导师，帮助自己缩短学习音乐的过程，用更直接的方式指导自己。所以，他找到了住在附近的詹姆·马斯特·杰伊，然后就缠上了他。詹姆·马斯特·杰伊成了他的导师，50美分开始学习音乐生意。然后他迎来自己的第一次机会。哥伦比亚唱片公司和他签了一份唱片合约。我拿50美分举例子是因为，他把这个阶段看作是自己的学徒期。对于他来说，哥伦比亚唱片公司就像是一所大学，他将在那里开始学习。
Phase 3: Hone the right skills. 第三阶段：磨练正确的技能。
The apprenticeship is like the key phase in your life. It generally corresponds to your 20s. It can start at 18, a little bit earlier and it runs to maybe the end of your 20s. It’s where all of your patterns, your habits are going to be formed. This is the most – it’s the third education after your parents and the university but it’s the most important education of them all. And he treated Columbia Records like a school. He didn’t just go there to record his music.
学徒期是你生命中的关键阶段。通常开始于20岁左右。也可以是从18岁开始，稍微早一点，可能要持续到快30岁才结束。这段时期，你所有的行为模式和习惯将会成形。这是你继父母和大学之后的第三个教育时期，也是最重要的一个教育时期。50美分把哥伦比亚唱片公司当成一所学校。他去那里不只是录制自己的音乐。
Phase 4: Practice seeing people as they are. 第四阶段：练习看清人的本来面目。
He went there and he talked to all the businesspeople. He learned all the aspects of the business. He learned about the PR, the promotion – just everything. All aspects of it. And so when he was shot, unfortunately, a couple of years into his career with Columbia and it looked like he was at the end and Columbia cancelled his record deal.
50美分去了哥伦比亚唱片公司，和所有的商人进行了交流。他学会了这门生意的各门各路。他了解了公关、市场推广，以及有关音乐行业的一切。不幸的是，后来他遭到了枪击。这时他才和哥伦比亚唱片公司合作了几年。他的职业生涯看起来好像走到了尽头，哥伦比亚唱片公司也与他解除了合约。
Phase 5: Awaken the creative-active mind. 第五阶段：唤醒创造性思维。
He now had all of these skills that he had learned about the business, about singing, about music itself, and he relaunched himself in a very famous mixed tape campaign on the streets of New York that made 50 Cent a very powerful person.
那时的50美分已经掌握了与音乐行业、歌手和音乐本身有关的所有技能。随后，他在纽约街头举行了一次混音带推广活动。这一活动非常成功，50美分得以重振自己的职业生涯，也由此成为了一个影响力极大的人。
【Summary】
Phase 1: Discover your calling. 第一阶段：发现你的使命。
• Key Question: What might your life’ s task be?
•关键问题：你的人生使命可能是什么？
Phase 2: Become an apprentice. 第二阶段：成为学徒。
• Key Question: Who might you turn to formentorship?
•关键问题：你会向谁求学？
Phase 3: Hone the right skills. 第三阶段：磨练正确的技能。
• Key Questions: What skills must you acquire?Where might you experiment with the implementation of these skills?
•关键问题：你必须掌握的技能是什么？你可能会在哪里试验这些技能？
第四阶段：练习看清人的本来面目。 Phase 4: Practice seeing people as they are.
• Key Questions: What types of personalities does your chosen field attract? How can you skillfully navigate these relationships?
•关键问题：你选择的领域会吸引哪些人？你如何才能熟练驾驭与这些人的关系？
Phase 5: Awaken the creative-active mind. 第五阶段：唤醒创造性思维。
• Key Question: How might you expand your knowledge to impact related fields in an original way?
•关键问题：你如何才能扩展自己的知识面，做出创新，让相关领域感到耳目一新？
